August 1, 2008
In Patients Experiencing Biochemical Failure after Radiation Therapy Pretreatment Risk Group and PSA Velocity Predict Differences in Overall Survival and Biochemical Failure Free Interval, 1 August 2008
Soto D, Andridge R, Pan C, Williams S, Taylor J, Sandler H
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 71, No. 5, pp. 1295–1301)

Content Area: Genitourinary
Availalble: August 1, 2008, thru July 31, 2011

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Be familiar with pretreatment factors that can help predict the risk of prostate cancer treatment failure.
2. Examine the impact of pretreatment PSA velocity on predicting outcomes after definitive treatment.
3. Recognize that not all biochemical failures are equivalent in regards to there impact on overall survival.

Register for this course.

July 15, 2008
Continuing Risk of Ipsilateral Breast Relapse After Breast-Conserving Therapy at Long-Term Follow-up , 15 Jluy 2008
Kreike B, Hart AA, van de Velde T, Borger, Peterse H, Rutgers E, Bartelink H, van de Vijver MJ
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 71, No. 4, pp. 1014-1021)

Content Area: Breast
Available: July 15, 2008, thru July 14, 2011

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Describe the acute toxicities of IMRT and permanent I-125 prostate implants for men with early-stage prostate cancer and compare and contrast the differences between the two treatment modalities.
2. Describe the chronic toxicities of IMRT and permanent I-125 prostate implants for men with early-stage prostate cancer and compare and contrast the differences between the two treatment modalities.

Register for this course.

July 1, 2008
Effect of 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging in Patients with Clinical Stage II and III Breast Cancer, 1 July 2008
Groheux D, Moretti J, Baillet G, Espie M, Giacchetti S, HIndie E, Hennequin C, Vilcoq J, Cuvier C, Toubert M, Filmont J, Sarandi F, Misset J
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 71, No. 3, pp. 695–704)

Content Area: Breast
Availalble: July 1, 2008, thru June 30, 2011

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Discuss the benefit of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in patients with clinical stage II and III breast cancer.
2. Discuss the potential role of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in guiding surgery and/or radiotherapy of lymph node areas in breast cancer patients.
3. Describe the strengths and weaknesses of 18F-FDG PET imaging for depicting bone metastases.

Register for this course.

June 1, 2008
A Comparison of Acute and Chronic Tpxicity for Men with Low-risk Prostate Cancer Treated with Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy or I-125 Permanent Implant, 1 June 2008
Eade TN, Horowitz EM, Ruth K, Buyyounouski MK, D'Ambrosio DJ, Feigenberg SJ, Chen DYT, Pollack A
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 71, No. 2, pp. 338–345)

Content Area: Genitourinary
Available: June 1, 2008, thru May 31, 2011

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Describe the acute toxicities of IMRT and permanent I-125 prostate implants for men with early-stage prostate cancer and compare and contrast the differences between the two treatment modalities.
2. Describe the chronic toxicities of IMRT and permanent I-125 prostate implants for men with early-stage prostate cancer and compare and contrast the differences between the two treatment modalities.

Register for this course.

May 1, 2008
Impact of Increasing Radiation Doses on Local and Distant Failures in Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer, 1 May 2008
Kupelian PA, Ciezki J, Reddy CA, Klein EA, Mahadevan A
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 71, No. 1, pp. 16–22, 2008)

Content Area: Genitourinary
Available: May 1, 2008, thru April 30, 2011

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Identify the factors associated with the development of clinical failures, i.e. local and distant failure, in patient treated with radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer.
2. Examine the impact of radiation dose in the development of such clinical failures.

Register for this course.

April 1, 2008
Association Between Bone Marrow Dosimetric Parameters and Acute Hematologic Toxicity in Anal Cancer Patients Treated with Concurrent Chemotherapy and Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy, 1 April 2008
Mell LK, Schomas DA, Salama JK, Devisetty K, Aydogan B, Miller RC, Jani AB, Kindler HL, Mundt AJ, Roeske JC, Chmura SJ
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 70, No. 5, pp. 1431–1437)

Content Area: Genitourinary
Available: April 1, 2008, thru March 31, 2011

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Identify factors associated with acute hematologic toxicity in anal cancer patients treated with concurrent 5-FU, Mitomycin-C and IMRT.
2. Summarize the evidence supporting the use of IMRT to reduce hematologic toxicity in the treatment of anal cancer.

Register for this course.

March 15, 2008
Incidence of Late Rectal and Urinary Toxicities after 3D-CRT and IMRT for Localized Prostate Cancer, 15 March 2008
Zelefsky MJ, Levin EJ, Hunt M, Yamada Y, Shippy AM, Jackson A, Amols HI
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 70, No. 4, Pages 1124-1129)

Content Area: Genitourinary
Available: March 15, 2008, thru March 14, 2011

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Be familiar with the incidence of late urinary and rectal toxicities after conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer.
   
2. Understand the predictors for late complications after high-dose radiotherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer.
   
3. To appreciate the association between acute side effects and late complications after prostate radiotherapy.

Register for this course.

March 1, 2008
Outcomes of Risk-adapted Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, 03 January 2008
Lagerwaard FJ, Haasbeek C JA, Smit EF, Slotman BJ, Senan S
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 70, No. 3, Pages 685-692)

Content Area: Lung
Available: March 1, 2008, thru February 28, 2011

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Summarize key features of high-precision stereotactic radiotherapy for stage I lung cancer.
2. Describe patient selection criteria used in stereotactic radiotherapy.
3. Categorize patterns of failure after stereotactic radiotherapy.
4. Describe early- and late-toxicity seen after risk-adapted stereotactic radiotherapy schemes for Stage I NSCLC.

Register for this course.

February 1, 2008

Partial Breast Irradiation Versus Whole Breast Radiotherapy for Early-stage Breast Cancer: A Decision Analysis, 29 October 2007
Sher, D, Wittenberg, E, Taghian, A, Bellon, J, Punglia, R
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 70, Issue 2, Pages 469-476)

Content Area: Breast
Available: February 1, 2008, thru January 31, 2011

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Identify the health states and underlying assumptions embodied by this model.
2. Describe the key clinical and treatment factors that determine the preferred radiotherapeutic strategy for early-stage breast cancers.

Register for this course.

January 1, 2008

Adaptive Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer Using kV Cone-beam CT Scans: First Clinical Results, 31 May 2007
Nijkamp J, Pos FJ, Nuver TT, de Jong R, Remeijer P, Sonke J, Lebesque JV
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 70, Issue 1, Pages 75-82)

Content Area: Genitourinary
Available: January 1, 2008, thru December 31, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Describe the concept of systematic error reduction within an offline adaptive radiotherapy protocol.
2. Discuss potential advantages of CBCT image guidance for prostate cancer.
3. Describe a method to incorporate changes in rectum shape and volume in image guided radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

Register for this course.

December 1, 2007
The Impact of Advanced Technologies on Treatment Deviations in Radiation Treatment Delivery (PHYSICS), 16 Aug 2007
Marks L, Light K, Hubbs J, Georgas D, Jones E, Wright M, Willett C, Yin F
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 69, Issue 5, Pages 1579–1586)

Content Area: Physics
Available: December 1, 2007, thru November 30, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you should be able to:

1. Identify and describe types of radiation treatment deviations that occur and the potential impact of new technologies on their incidence.
2. Summarize reported deviation rates from the literature.

Register for this course.

November 15, 2007
A Nomogram to Predict Radiation Pneumonitis, Derived from a Combined Analysis of RTOG 9311 and Institutional Data, 7 August 2007
Bradley J, Hope A, El Naqa I, Apte A, Lindsay P, Bosch W, Matthews J, Sause W, Graham M, O'Deasy J
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 69, Issue 4, Pages 985-992)

Content Area: Lung
Available: Novmeber 15, 2007, thru November 14, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you should be able to:

1. Identify risk factors associated with radiation pneumonitis.
2. Apply a nomogram, consisting of mean lung dose and tumor position, to predict radiation pneumonitis risk according to a patient’s treatment plan.

Register for this course.

November 1 , 2007
Treatment Optimization Using Computed Tomography-delineated Targets Should be Used for Supraclavicular Irradiation for Breast Cancer, 24 May 2007
Liengsawangwong R, Yu T, Sun T, Erasmus JJ, Perkins GH, Tereffe W, Oh JL, Woodward WA, Strom EA, Salephour M, Buchholz TA
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 69, Issue 3, Pages 711–715)

Content Area: Breast
Available: Novmeber 1, 2007, thru October 31, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you should be able to:

1. Help the readership gain an understanding that the depth of level III and supraclavicular targets within supraclavicular radiation fields used to treat breast cancer vary across patients and is positively related to the body mass index of the patient.
2. Help the readership recognize that three dimensional computed tomography treatment planning with contouring of lymph node targets helps to optimize the dosimetric coverage and improve dose homogeneity within supraclavicular radiation fields use for breast cancer.

Register for this course.

October 1, 2007
Metabolic Tumor Burden Predicts for Disease Progression and Death in Lung Cancer, 19 April 2007
Lee P, Weerasuriva D, Lavori P, Quon A, Hara W, Maxim P, Le Q, Wakelee H, Donington J, Graves E, Loo B
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 69, Issue 2, Pages 328-333)

Content Area: Lung
Available: October 1, 2007, thru September 30, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you should be able to:

1. Identify the classic prognostic factors in lung cancer, as well as describe their limitations.
2. Explain why PET-based characteristics such as metabolic tumor volume may have advantages above and beyond the classic prognostic factors in lung cancer.

Register for this course.

September 1 , 2007
Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Local Recurrence Following Radiation Therapy Occurs at the Site of Primary Tumor – Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Step-Section Pathology Evidence, 29 March 2007
Pucar D, Hricak H, Shukla-Dave A, Kuroiwa K, Drobnjak M, Eastham J, Scardino P, Zelefsky M
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 69, Issue 1, Pages 62-69)

Content Area: Genitourinary
Available: September 1, 2007, thru August 31, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you should be able to:

1. Summarize the evidence suggesting that clinically significant tumor recurrence after radiation therapy occurs at the site of the primary tumor.
2. Understand the feasibility and challenges of using MRI guidance to plan radiation therapy.
3. Understand the feasibility and challenges of detecting local recurrence with MRI.

Register for this course.

August 1, 2007
Neurocognitive Function of Patients with Brain Metastasis who Received Either Whole-brain Radiotherapy plus Stereotactic Radiosurgery or Radiosurgery Alone, 27 March 2007
Aoyama H, Tago M, Kato N, Toyoda T, Kenjyo M, Hirota S, Shioura H, Inomata T, Kunieda E, Hayakawa K, Nakagawa K, Kobashi G, Shirato H
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 68, Issue 5, Pages 1388-1395)

Content Area: Adult CNS
Available: August 1, 2007, thru July 31, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you should be able to:

1. Identify the factors associated with neurocognitive function in patients with 1-4 brain metastases.
2. Outline the problems associated with neurocognitive dysfunction among patients who received WBRT+SRS or SRS-alone.
3. Discuss the proper treatment for 1-4 brain metastases in view of neurocognitive function.

Register for this course.

July 15, 2007
Estimating the Magnitude and Field Size Dependence of RT-induced Mortality and Tumor Control Following Post-operative RT (PORT) for NSCLC: Calculations from Clinical Trials, 15 May 2007
Miles EF, Kelsey CR, Kirkpatrick JP, Marks LB
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 68, Issue 4, Pages 1047-1052)

Content Area: Lung
Available: July 15, 2007, thru July 14, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you should be able to:

1. Identify the benefits and toxicities associated with PORT for NSCLC.
2. Explain the rationale for using smaller, more conformal radiation fields in the post-operative setting for NSCLC.

Register for this course.

July 1, 2007
Nodal Ratios in Node-Positive Breast Cancer—Long-Term Study to Clarify Discrepancy of Role of Supraclavicular and Axillary Regional Radiotherapy, 21 April 2007
Tai P, Joseph K, Sadikov E, Mahmood S, Lien F, Yu E
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 68, Issue 3, Pages 662-666)

Content Area: Breast
Available: July 1, 2007, thru June 30, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you should be able to:

1. Describe and explain nodal ratio.
2. Critically analyze the importance of nodal ratio on breast cancer management.
3. Identify high-risk features that warrant postoperative radiotherapy.

Register for this course.

June 1, 2007
Fatigue During Head-And-Neck Radiotherapy: Prospective Study on 117 Consecutive Patients, 31 March 2007
Jereczek-Fossa BA, Santoro L, Alterio D, Franchi B, Fiore MR, Fossati P, Kowalczyk A, Canino P, Ansarin M, Orecchia R
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 68, Issue 2, Pages 403-415)

Content Area: Head and Neck
Available: June 1, 2007, thru May 31, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you should be able to

1. Identify the factors associated with fatigue levels in the patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer.
2. Describe the methodological difficulties in the analysis of fatigue in head and neck cancer patients.

Register for this course.

May 1, 2007
Use of Individual Fraction Size Data from 3756 Patients to Directly Determine the α/β Ratio of Prostate Cancer 1 May 2007
Williams SG, Taylor JMG, Liu N, Tra Y, Duchesne GM, Kestin LL, Martinez A, Pratt GR, Sandler H International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 68, Issue 1, Pages 24-33)

Content Area: Genitourinary
Available: May 1, 2007, thru April 30, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you should be able to

1. Explain the rationale for hypofractionated radiotherapy in prostate cancer.
2. Identify the difficulties faced when trying to estimate the radiobiological parameters of prostate cancer clinically.
3. Discuss the implications of the uncertainties which may be inherent in these estimates.

Register for this course.

April 1, 2007

There is no exam associated with this Article

Observation of Interfractional Variations in Lung Tumor Position Using Respiratory Gated and Ungated Megavoltage Cone-beam CT 1 April 2007
Chang J, Mageras GS, Yorke E, De Arruda F, Sillanpaa J, Rosenzweig KE, Hertanto A, Pham H, Seppi E, Pevsner A, Ling CC, Amols H
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 67, Issue 5, Pages 1548-1558)

March 15, 2007

Long-term Outcomes in Breast Cancer Patients with Ten or More Positive Axillary Nodes Treated with Combined Modality Therapy: The Importance of Radiation Field Selection 14 March 2007
Chang DT, Feigenberg SJ, Indelicato DJ, Morris CG, Lightsey J, Grobmyer SR, Copeland III EM, Mendenhall NP
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 67, Issue 4, Pages 1043-1051)

Content Area: Breast
Available: March 15, 2007, thru March 14, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Explain the expected long-term outcomes of patients with breast cancer with 10 or more positive nodes treated with tri-modality therapy.
2. Recognize the radiation technique used to provide supplemental radiotherapy to the axilla.
3. Describe the effects of SART on local-regional control, survival and arm edema.

Register for this course.

March 1, 2007

4-D Proton treatment Planning Strategy for Mobile Lung Tumors 1 March 2007
Kang Y, Zhang X, Chang JY, Wang H, Wei X, Liao Z, Komaki R, Cox JD, Balter PA, Liu H, Zhu XR, Mohan R, Dong L
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 67, Issue 3, Pages 906-914)

Content Area: Lung
Available for credit: March 1, 2007, thru Febrauary 28, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Understand the impact of tumor motion in lung cancer proton treatment.
2. Describe the options of tumor motion consideration using 4-D CT-based proton planning.
3. Apply 4D-based maximal intensity projection approach to design proton treatment for mobile lung cancer.

Register for this course.

February 1, 2007

Portal Imaging Practice Patterns of Children’s Oncology Group Institutions: Dosimetric Assessment and Recommendations for Minimizing Unnecessary Exposure 1 February 2007
Olch AJ, Geurts M, Thomadsen B, Famiglietti R, Chang EL
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 67, Issue 2, Pages 594-600)

Content Area: Pediatrics
Available for credit: February 1, 2007, thru January 31, 2010

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Understand current portal imaging practices.
2. Describe the dosimetric consequences of current portal imaging practices.
3. Utilize dose-reducing portal imaging techniques.

Register for this course.

January 1, 2007

There is no exam associated with this Article

Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in Locally Invasive Prostate Cancer is Prognostic for Radiotherapy Outcome
Green MML, Hiley CT, Shanks JH, Bottomley IC, West CML, Cowan RA, Stratford IJ
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 67, Issue 1, Pages 84-90)

December 1, 2006

Relation Between Acute and Late Irradiation Impairment of Four Basic Tastes and Irradiated Tongue Volume in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer; 2 November 2006
Yamashita H, Nakagawa K, Nakamura N, Abe K, Asakage T, Ohmoto M, Okada S, Matsumoto I, Hosoi Y, Sasano N, Yamakawa S, Ohtomo K
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 66, Issue 5, Pages 1422-1429)

Content Area: Head and Neck
Available for credit: December 1, 2006, thru November 30, 2009

Register for this course.

November 1, 2006

Planning the Breast Tumor Bed Boost: Changes in the Excision Cavity Volume and Surgical Scar Location After Breast-conserving Surgery and Whole Breast Irradiation; 24 July 2006
Oh KS, Kong FM, Griffith KA, Yanke B, Pierce LJ
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 66, Issue 3, Pages 680-686)

Content Area: Breast
Available for credit: November 1, 2006, thru October 31, 2009

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Describe the volumetric changes that occur in the breast and excision cavity during the course of radiation therapy.
2. Compare the relative accuracies of using CT-based vs. scar-based boost plans.

Register for this course.

October 1, 2006

Prediction of Response to Chemoradiation in Rectal Cancer By a Gene Polymorphism in the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Promoter Region; 5 June 2006
Spindler KLG, Nielsen JN, Lindebjerg J, BrandslundI, Jakobsen A
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 66, Issue 2, Pages 500-504)

Content Area: Gastrointestinal
Available for credit: October 1, 2006, thru September 30, 2009

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Discuss the role of EGFR in radiation therapy especially the possible role of genetic alterations as biomarkers for response in chemoradiation therapy.
2. Discuss the aspects of response evaluation and the need for predictive markers in the present clinical setting.

Register for this course.

September 1, 2006

Rectal Bleeding, Fecal Incontinence and High Stool Frequency After Conformal Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: Normal Tissue Complication Probability Modeling; 5 June 2006
Peeters STH, Hoogeman MS, Heemsbergen WD, Hart AAM, Koper PCM, Lebesque JV
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 66, Issue 1, Pages 11-19)

Content Area: Gastrointestinal
Available for credit: September 1, 2006, thru August 31, 2009

Objectives: None Stated

Register for this course.

August 1, 2006

Re-excision of Margins Before Breast Radiation - Diagnostic or Therapeutic?; 25 May 2006
Chism DB, Freedman GM, Li T, Anderson PR
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 65, Issue 5, Pages 1416-1421)

Content Area: Breast
Available for credit: August 1, 2006, thru July 31, 2009

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Identify the factors associated with having a positive re-excision of initially close or positive margins in a patient being treated with breast-conserving surgery.
2. Explain local control results after breast-conserving surgery and radiation.

Register for this course.

July 15, 2006

Final Toxicity Results of a Radiation Dose Escalation Study in Patients with Non–small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Predictors for Radiation Pneumonitis and Fibrosis; 27 April 2006
Kong FM, Hayman JA, Griffith KA, Kalemkerian GP, Arenberg D, Lyons S, Turrisi A, Lichter A, Fraass B, Eisbruch A, Lawrence TS, Ten Haken RK
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 65, Issue 4, Pages 1075-1086)

Content Area: Lung
Available for credit: July 15, 2006, thru July 14, 2009

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Determine when high dose radiation can be delivered safely to patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
2. Diagnose and grade radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis.
3. Identify the factors associated with radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis in patients treated with 3-D conformal radiation therapy.

Register for this course.

July 1, 2006

Predictors of Mortality After Prostate Specific Antigen Failure; 8 May 2006
D’Amico AV, Kantoff P, Loffredo M, Renshaw AA, Loffredo B, Chen MH
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 65, Issue 3, Pages 656-660)

Content Area: Genitourinary
Available for credit: July 1, 2006, thru June 30, 2009

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Identify the factors associated with time to death following PSA failure in men treated with external beam radiation therapy with or without 6 months of androgen suppression therapy for intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer.
2. Identify men with PSA failure who are ideal candidates for entry in to randomized studies of hormonal therapy with or without Taxotere.

Register for this course.

June 1, 2006

Perineural Invasion on Prostate Needle Biopsy Does Not Predict Biochemical Failure Following Brachytherapy for Prostate Cancer; 16 March 2006
Weight CJ, Ciezki JP, Reddy CA, Zhou M, Klein EA
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 65, Issue 2, Pages 347-350)

Content Area: Genitourinary
Available for credit: June 1, 2006, thru May 31, 2009

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Identify the major pretreatment risk factors for biochemical recurrence in patients with localized prostate cancer and be able to properly diagnose it according to ASTRO definition.
2. Describe the role of perineural invasion on pretreatment prostate biopsies in predicting biochemical disease free survival.

Register for this course.

May 1, 2006

Initial Experience of FDG-PET/CT Guided IMRT of Head and Neck Carcinoma
Wang D, Schultz CJ, Jursinic PA, Bialkowski M, Zhu XR, Brown WD, Rand SD, Michel MA, Campbell BH, Wong S, Li XA, Wilson JF
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 65, Issue 1, Pages 143-151)

Content Area: Head and Neck
Available for credit: May 1, 2006, thru April 30, 2009

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Describe a rationale for initiating a PET/CT fusion guided IMRT program incorporating PET/CT target definition into IMRT treatment planning for head and neck cancer patients.
2. Outline the requirement to jointly review the PET/CT scan with the head and neck radiologist in order to fully understand the pathologic and normal physiological pattern of FDG uptake on a given PET or PET/CT treatment planning image data set prior to contouring gross target volume.

Register for this course.

April 1, 2006

Prognostic Index Score and Clinical Prediction Model of Local Regional Recurrence After Mastectomy in Breast Cancer Patients; 9 February 2006
Cheng SH, Horng CF, Clarke JL, Tsou MH, Tsai SY, Chen CM, Jian JJ, Liu MC, West M, Huang AT, Prosnitz LR
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 64, Issue 5, Pages 1401-1409)

Content Area: Breast
Available for credit: April 1, 2006, thru March 31, 2009

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Identify the risk factors associated with loco-regional recurrence after mastectomy and estimate the interactions between these factors , thus a better grasp of what constitutes a patient being at high risk for LRR and who would likely benefit from post-mastectomy radiotherapy is valuable.
2. Examine the potential benefit of post-mastectomy radiotherapy for an individual patient according to her own clinical variables. Describe the link between survival benefit by PMRT and the probability of LRR. Patients with higher probability of LRR would likely benefit from PMRT greater than those having lower probability.

Register for this course.

March 15, 2006

PSA Nadir Predicts Biochemical and Distant Failures After External Beam Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: A Multi-institutional Analysis; 29 September 2005
Ray ME, Thames HD, Levy LB, Horwitz EM, Kupelian PA, Martinez AA, Michalski JM, Pisansky TM, Shipley WU, Zelefsky MJ, Zietman AL, Kuban DA
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 64, Issue 4, Pages 1140-1150)

Content Area: Genitourinary
Available for credit: March 15, 2006, thru March 14, 2009

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Discuss the prognostic significance of PSA nadir after radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer.
2. Recognize and list the potential sources of statistical bias and some methods of accounting for these in doing survival analysis based on post-treatment response factors such as PSA nadir.

Register for this course.

February 1, 2006

Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation: An Analysis of Variables Associated with Late Toxicity and Long-term Cosmetic Outcome After High-dose-rate Interstitial Brachytherapy; 24 October 2005
Wazer DE, Kaufman S, Cuttino L, DiPetrillo T, Arthur DW
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 64, Issue 2, Pages 489-495)

Content Area: Breast
Available for credit: February 1, 2006, thru January 31, 2009

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Describe specific parameters associated with the onset of late toxicity following interstitial high-dose-rate breast brachytherapy.
2. Explain how the parameters effect the design of an ideal implant.

Register for this course.

January 1, 2006

Is Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy Better Than Conventional Radiation Treatment and Three-dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy for Mediastinal Masses in Patients with Hodgkin’s Disease, and is There a Role for Beam Orientation Optimization and Dose Constraints Assigned to Virtual Volumes?; 26 September 2005
Girinsky T, Pichenot C, Beaudre A, Ghalibafian M, Lefkopoulos D
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 64, Issue 1, Pages 218-226)

Content Area: Lymphoma
Available for credit: January 1, 2006, thru December 31, 2008

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Describe a potential new treatment technique for patients with Hodgkin’s mediastinal masses and identify the criteria which could be used to decide which treatment option is the most appropriate.
2. Describe two improvements that can be added to an IMRT treatment to augment PTV dose conformation.
3. Examine the results in terms of PTV coverage versus radiation exposure to organs at risk.

Register for this course.

December 1, 2005

Voice and Swallowing Outcomes of an Organ-preservation Trial for Advanced Laryngeal Cancer; 8 August 2005
Fung K, Lyden TH, Lee J, Urba SG, Worden F, Eisbruch A, Tsien C, Bradford CR, Chepeha DB, Hogikyan ND, Prince MEP, Teknos TN, Wolf GT
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 63, Issue 5, Pages 1395-1399)

Content Area: Head and Neck
Available for credit: December 1, 2005, thru November 30, 2008

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Explain the impact of chemoradiation on voice and swallowing function.
2. Explain the impact of laryngectomy on voice and swallowing function.

Register for this course.

November 15, 2005

Cognitive Function after Radiotherapy for Supratentorial Low-grade Glioma: A North Central Cancer Treatment Group Prospective Study; 20 June 2005
Laack NN, Brown PD, Ivnik RJ, Furth AF, Ballman KV, Hammack JE, Arusell RM, Shaw EG, Buckner JC
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 63, Issue 4, Pages 1175-1183)

Content Area: Head and Neck
Available for credit: November 15, 2005, thru November 14, 2008

Objectives: None Stated

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November 1, 2005

Correlation of Dosimetric Factors and Radiation Pneumonitis for Non–small Cell Lung Cancer Patients in a Recently Completed Dose Escalation Study; 3 June 2005
Yorke ED, Jackson A, Rosenzweig KE, Braban L, Leibel SA, Ling CC
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 63, Issue 3, Pages 672-682)

Content Area: Lung
Available for credit: November 1, 2005, thru October 31, 2008

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Discuss the quantities that can be derived from dose-volume histograms that strongly correlate with severe radiation pneumonitis in NSCLC patients treated at conventional fractionation.
2. Discuss of evidence that different regions of lung may be more susceptible to radiation pneumonitis.

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October 1, 2005

Prostate-specific Antigen Doubling Time Predicts Clinical Outcome and Survival in Prostate Cancer Patients Treated with Combined Radiation and Hormone Therapy; 31 May 2005
Lee AK, Levy LB, Cheung R, Kuban D
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 63, Issue 2, Pages 456-462)

Content Area: Genitournary
Available for credit: October 1, 2005, thru September 30, 2008

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Discuss the significance of post-treatment PSA doubling time after combined radiation and hormonal therapy for prostate cancer.
2. Recognize the association between short PSA doubling time and subsequent clinical outcomes.

Register for this course.

September 1, 2005

Retrospective Analysis of Prostate Cancer Patients with Implanted Gold Markers Using Off-line and Adaptive Therapy Protocols; 6 May 2005
Litzenberg DW, Balter JM, Lam KL, Sandler HM, Ten Haken RK
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 63, Issue 1, Pages 123-133) 

Content Area: Genitournary
Available for credit: September 1, 2005, thru August 31, 2008

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Explain the type of uncertainties each offline protocol is designed to reduce.
2. Discuss the assumptions and limitations of these protocols.

Register for this course.

August 1, 2005

The Effects of External Beam Irradiation on the Growth of Flat Bones in Children: Modeling a Dose-volume Effect; 21 April 2005
Krasin MJ, Xiong X, Wu S, Merchant TE
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 62, Issue 5, Pages 1458-1463)

Content Area: Bone
Available for credit: August 1 , 2005, thru July 31, 2008

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Discuss clinical and dosimetric factors affecting bone growth in children undergoing radiation therapy.
2. Discuss the limitations of mathematical models derived from radiation dosimetry in predicting clinical outcomes.

Register for this course.

July 15, 2005

Clinicopathologic Features and Long-term Outcome of Patients with Medullary Breast Carcinoma Managed with Breast-conserving Therapy (BCT); 4 May 2005
Vu-Nishino H, Tavassoli FA, Ahrens WA, Haffty BG
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 62, Issue 4, Pages 1040-1047)

Content Area: Breast
Available for credit: July 15, 2005, thru July 14, 2008

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Discuss the outcomes of women with medullary carcinoma of the breast treated with conservative surgery and radiation therapy.
2. Discuss the association of BRCA1/2 status and medullary breast carcinoma.

Register for this course.

July 1, 2005

Long-term Parotid Gland Function After Radiotherapy; 17 March 2005
Braam PM, Roesink JM, Moerland MA, Raaijmakers CPJ, Schipper M, Terhaard CHJ
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
(Vol. 62, Issue 3, Pages 659-664)

Content Area: Head and Neck
Available for credit: July 1, 2005, thru June 30, 2008

Upon successful completion of this article, you will be able to:

1. Discuss the long term pattern of salivary function after head and neck radiotherapy.

Register for this course.